Table 2. Resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat UTIs
MicrobeAntibiotic2001 n (%) [95 % CI] 2010–2011 n (%) [95 % CI]2013–2015 n (%) [95 % CI]
E. coli Mecillinam7 (6.3) [1.8 to 10.8]4 (2.2) [0.1 to 4.3]11 (8.5) [3.7 to 13.3]
Nitrofurantoin3 (2.7) [0.0 to 5.7]00
Trimethoprim13 (11.6) [5.7 to 17.5]38 (21.1) [15.1 to 27.1]27 (20.9) [13.9 to 27.9]
Co-trimoxazoleNA39 (21.7) [15.7 to 27.7]24 (18.6) [11.9 to 25.3]
Sulphonamide21 (18.8) [11.6 to 26.0]NANA
Amoxicillin31 (27.7) [19.4 to 36.0]63 (35.0) [28.0 to 42.0]38 (29.5) [21.6 to 37.4]
CiprofloxacinNANANA
Staph. saprophyticus MecillinamNANANA
Nitrofurantoin000
Trimethoprim001 (4.5) [–4.2 to 13.2]
Co-trimoxazoleNA00
Sulphonamide0NANA
AmoxicillinNA4 (10.5) [0.8 to 20.2]4 (18.2) [2.1 to 34.3]
CiprofloxacinNANANA
  • NA = not applicable, isolate was not tested for this antibiotic.