Table 5. Univariate analysis of patient sex on BHA followed by multivariate analysis of various factors affecting BHA including, patient age, comorbidity, number of consultations, and type of risk factor
Risk factorOdds ratio for BHA95% confidence intervalP value
Female sex (univariate analysis)1.661.46 to 1.892 × 10–14
Female sex (multivariate analysis)1.251.08 to 1.430.002
Age1.031.02 to 1.031 × 10–15
Consultation category (0–3), ref
Consultation category (4–6)3.202.00 to 5.101 × 10–6
Consultation category (7–9)4.362.76 to 6.883 × 10–10
Consultation category ( ≥10)8.585.57 to 13.222 × 10–22
Comorbidity (No. BNF chapters 0–4), ref
Comorbidity (No. BNF chapters 5–9)0.970.64 to 1.450.864
Comorbidity (No. BNF chapters ≥10)0.640.43 to 0.960.032
Risk factor fall, ref
Fracture21.0117.16 to 25.712 × 10–191
Steroid use7.165.89 to 8.724 × 10–86
Two or more risk factors8.226.80 to 9.958 × 10–104

  • BHA = bone health assessment. BNF = British National Formulary. ref = reference.