| Characteristic | Normal E/e’ (<8) | Intermediate E/e’ (8–14) | High E/e’ (>14) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, n a | 39 | 173 | 58 | — |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 71 (68–76) | 72 (68–77) | 76 (71–83) | <0.001b |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.045c | |||
| Male | 25 (64.1) | 100 (57.8) | 24 (41.4) | — |
| Female | 14 (35.9) | 73 (42.2) | 34 (58.6) | — |
| NYHA class, n (%) | 0.098c | |||
| I | 25 (64.1) | 121 (69.9) | 29 (50.0) | — |
| II | 12 (30.8) | 47 (27.2) | 26 (44.8) | — |
| III | 2 (5.1) | 5 (2.9) | 3 (5.2) | — |
| Ejection fraction, %, median (IQR) | 69 (65–72) | 69 (66–73) | 68 (65–74) | 0.97b |
| FeNO, ppb, median (IQR) | 19 (17–31) | 21 (14–29) | 19 (14–27) | 0.74b |
aSeven (2.5%) participants did not have E/e’ measured. bKruskal-Wallis test for independent association of continuous variable with E/e’ strata. cχ2 test for independent association of categorical variables with E/e’ strata. FeNO = fractional exhaled nitric oxide. IQR = interquartile range. NYHA = New York Heart Association. ppb = parts per billion.