| Characteristic | Aged ≤18 years, n = 575 | DUTY sample, n = 297 | Gorelick sample, n = 100 | UTICalc sample, n = 96 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 6.38 (3.97–10.25) | 2.60 (1.12–3.75) | 0.94 (0.56–1.49) | 0.94 (0.56–1.49) |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Girl | 276 (48) | 134 (45) | 38 (38) | 37 (39) |
| Boy | 298 (52) | 163 (55) | 62 (62) | 59 (61) |
| Missing | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Circumcised boys, n (% of boys) | 31 (10) | 12 (7) | 5 (8) | 5 (8) |
| Fever: 'yes', n (%) | 415 (72) | 249 (84) | 100 (100) | 96 (100) |
| Duration of illness, days, median (IQR) | 3.00 (1.00–4.00) | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) |
| Dysuria, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 31 (5) | 11 (4) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) |
| No | 535 (93) | 282 (95) | 99 (99) | 95 (99) |
| Missing | 9 (2) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Frequency, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 26 (5) | 9 (3) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) |
| No | 539 (94) | 283 (95) | 99 (99) | 95 (99) |
| Missing | 10 (2) | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Malodorous urine, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 16 (3) | 9 (3) | 3 (3) | 3 (3) |
| No | 547 (95) | 284 (96) | 97 (97) | 93 (97) |
| Missing | 12 (2) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Abdominal pain, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 121 (21) | 41 (14) | 5 (5) | 5 (5) |
| No | 450 (78) | 253 (85) | 95 (95) | 91 (95) |
| Missing | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| History of UTI, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 51 (9) | 23 (8) | 10 (10) | 9 (9) |
| No | 514 (89) | 270 (91) | 90 (90) | 87 (91) |
| Missing | 10 (2) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| VUR, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 10 (2) | 5 (2) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) |
| No | 555 (97) | 288 (97) | 98 (98) | 94 (98) |
| Missing | 10 (2) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
DUTY = Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in Children. IQR = interquartile range. UTI = urinary tract infection. UTICalc = UTI Calculator. VUR = vesicoureteral reflux.