| Medication | All patients, n (%) (n = 270) | PIMs, n (%)a | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n (%) (n = 164) | No, n (%) (n = 106) | |||
| Metformin | 116 (43.0) | 74 (45.1) | 42 (39.6) | 0.373 |
| Sulfonylureas | 74 (27.4) | 44 (26.8) | 30 (28.3) | 0.791 |
| DPP4 Inhibitors | 28 (10.4) | 18 (11.0) | 10 (9.4) | 0.685 |
| TZDs | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | 0.755 |
| Beta-blockers | 30 (11.1) | 24 (14.6) | 6 (5.7) | 0.022 |
| CCBs | 92 (34.1) | 64 (39.0) | 28 (26.4) | 0.033 |
| ACE inhibitors | 67 (24.8) | 51 (31.1) | 16 (15.1) | 0.006 |
| ARBs | 50 (18.5) | 33 (20.1) | 17 (16.0) | 0.399 |
| Clopidogrel | 17 (6.3) | 13 (7.9) | 4 (3.8) | 0.170 |
| PPIs | 94 (34.8) | 91 (55.5) | 3 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| NSAIDs | 55 (20.4) | 35 (21.3) | 20 (18.9) | 0.622 |
| Aspirin | 112 (41.5) | 82 (50.0) | 30 (28.3) | <0.001 |
| Thyroxine | 22 (8.1) | 11 (6.7) | 11 (10.4) | 0.282 |
| Statins | 141 (52.2) | 97 (59.1) | 44 (41.5) | 0.005 |
| Antibiotics | 5 (1.9) | 2 (1.2) | 3 (2.8) | 0.338 |
| Antihistamines | 23 (8.5) | 20 (12.2) | 3 (2.8) | 0.007 |
| Bisphosphonates | 12 (4.4) | 8 (4.9) | 4 (3.8) | 0.667 |
| Teriparatide | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.6) | 2 (1.9) | 0.328 |
| Tolterodine | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0.213 |
| Tamsulosin | 20 (7.4) | 10 (6.1) | 10 (9.4) | 0.307 |
| Finastride | 11 (4.1) | 5 (3.0) | 6 (5.7) | 0.289 |
aPatients taking ≥1 PIMs. bProbability of χ² tests (categorical variables).