| Parameter | All patients | PIMa | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Total | 270 | 164 | 106 | |
| Mean age, years ±SD | 72.41 ±6.23 | 73.09 ±6.68 | 71.35 ±5.33 | 0.024 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 143 (52.9) | 95 (57.9) | 48 (45.3) | 0.042 |
| Mean number of medications ±SD | 4.09 ±2.19 | 4.84 ±2.09 | 2.88 ±1.76 | <0.001 |
| Polypharmacy, n (%) | 149 (55.2) | 119 (72.6) | 30 (28.3) | <0.001 |
| Mean number of morbidities ±SD | 2.11 ±1.14 | 2.16 ±0.95 | 2.04 ±1.39 | 0.397 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 196 (72.6) | 130 (79.3) | 66 (62.3) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 146 (54.1) | 91 (55.5) | 55 (51.9) | 0.562 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 59 (21.9) | 38 (23.2) | 21 (19.8) | 0.540 |
| Low back pain, n (%) | 15 (5.6) | 9 (5.5) | 6 (5.7) | 0.952 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 11 (4.1) | 9 (5.5) | 2 (1.9) | 0.144 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 9 (3.3) | 6 (3.7) | 3 (2.8) | 0.711 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 4 (1.5) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | 0.658 |
| Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | 0.755 |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 20 (7.4) | 13 (7.9) | 7 (6.6) | 0.675 |
| Osteoarthritis, n (%) | 15 (5.6) | 13 (7.9) | 2 (1.9) | 0.034 |
| Bronchial asthma, n (%) | 9 (3.3) | 5 (3.0) | 4 (3.8) | 0.735 |
| Hyperuricaemia, n (%) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | 0.755 |
| Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 21 (7.8) | 11 (6.7) | 10 (9.4) | 0.414 |
| Anaemia, n (%) | 4 (1.5) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | 0.658 |
| BPH, n (%) | 22 (8.1) | 12 (7.3) | 10 (9.4) | 0.535 |
BPH = benign prostatic hypertrophy. PIM = potentially inappropriate medication.
aPatients taking ≥1 PIMs. bProbability of the t-test (continuous variables) or χ² tests (categorical variables).