| PHQ-9 score | Depression severity | Proposed treatment actions |
|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | None–minimal | None |
| 5–9 | Mild | Watchful waiting; repeat PHQ-9 at follow-up |
| 10–14 | Moderate | Psychological treatment and follow-up/antidepressants |
| 15–19 | Moderate–severe | Antidepressants and psychological treatment |
| 20–27 | Severe | Referral to mental health |