Table 2. Primary and secondary outcome results
ACM arm
(clusters, n = 7)
TTR-only arm
(clusters, n = 7)
Crude ACM-TTR difference
(95% CI); P valuea
Adjusted ACM-TTR
difference (95% CI); P valuea
Mean outcome (95% CI)b
Primary outcome
Change in HbA1c (pp)c -2.26pp (-2.99 to -1.53)-1.44pp (-2.34 to -0.54)-0.82pp (-1.86 to 0.21); 0.11-0.57pp (-1.44 to 0.29); 0.17
Secondary outcomes
Adherenced 75.64% (45.56 to 105.71%)36.29% (3.9 to 68.67%)39.35pp (-0.02 to 78.73); 0.050136.06pp (-0.78 to 72.9); 0.054
Glycaemic controle 45.04% (32.48 to 57.6%)34.86% (16.15 to 53.57%)10.18pp (-10.21 to 30.57); 0.2910.87pp (-7.92 to 29.67); 0.23
Change in SBP (mmHg)c 2.33 (-0.1 to 4.76)1.47 (-4.32 to 7.26)0.86 (-5.05 to 6.77); 0.751.3 (-3.41 to 6.01); 0.56
Change in DBP (mm Hg)c 2.81 (-1.04 to 6.66)0.68 (-4.34 to 5.69)2.13 (-3.54 to 7.81); 0.430.29 (-1.93 to 2.51); 0.78
Hypertension controlf 73.2% (61.92 to 84.49%)72.47% (59.36 to 85.58%)0.73pp (-14.71 to 16.17); 0.920.0pp (-12 to 12.95); 0.93
Change in total serum
cholesterol (mg/dL)c
-5.24 (-19.82 to 9.34)2.75 (-5.73 to 11.22)-7.99 (-23.43 to 7.45); 0.27-5.79 (-20.22 to 8.65); 0.4
  • ACM = additional case management. CI = confidence intervals. TTR = test, treat, and record. PP = percentage points.

  • aAll ACM–TTR differences (that is, ACM effect size measures) are based on analysis of cluster-level (mean/proportion) outcomes. bMean outcomes and their 95% confidence intervals are based on cluster-level (mean/proportion) raw outcome data. cAll change outcomes are calculated as outcome at 9 months minus outcome at baseline. dAdherence defined as attendance of ≥4 follow-up appointments within 9 months. eGlycaemic control defined as 9-month HbA1c (%) <7%. fHypertension control defined as 9-month systolic blood pressure ≤140 mmHg.

  • All analyses exclude patients’ missing outcome and/or covariate data as required by the relevant analysis.