PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Parry, Emma
AU  - Wilkie, Ross
AU  - Warren, Kate
TI  - Social determinants of health screening tool: systematic review and Delphi study
AID  - 10.3399/BJGPO.2024.0274
DP  - 2025 Jun 24
TA  - BJGP Open
PG  - BJGPO.2024.0274
4099  - http://bjgpopen.org/content/early/2025/06/25/BJGPO.2024.0274.short
4100  - http://bjgpopen.org/content/early/2025/06/25/BJGPO.2024.0274.full
AB  - Background Social determinants of health (SDOH) critically influence population and individual level outcomes but we do not collect this information routinely in primary care.Aim Develop a screening tool for SDOH relevant to UK setting using systematic review and Delphi methodology to identify suitable questions.Design & setting Systematic review and Delphi studyMethod Systematic review: Five databases and grey literature were searched. Selected studies included questions/tools that screened for SDOH relevant to UK settings. Included questions/tools were measured against the 8 gold standard steps for measure development. Data was thematically analysed and arranged into pre-specified domains. Delphi study: Individuals with an interest in SDOH were invited to take part in a three-stage modified Delphi study. Ranking of 172 items in Survey 1, rating of 111 items in Survey 2 and ranking of 56 items in Survey 3 led to one question being selected per 11 pre-specified domains. Inductive content analysis of free text responses from the surveys was performed.Results Of 7889 citations, 104 studies were included in the systematic review. Screening primarily took place in clinical settings using written formats. 7 participants took part in the first Delphi survey. Prioritised questions were direct, had binary answers, had specific wording, were concerned with current situation and had immediate impacts on health.Conclusion The review provides a comprehensive overview of screening questions and tools for collecting information on SDOH. We present a 10-item screening tool from the highest ranked questions that can be used to screen for SDOH in primary care settings in UK.