Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1. Kaplan–Meier estimates of all-cause mortality according to RVF. RVF = regularly visited facilities
- Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier estimates of all-cause mortality, according to the Fragmentation of Care Index (FCI). The 'Q' in Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 represents the 'quartile', indicating the first through fourth FCI quartiles.
Tables
By MFVF type Total Clinic Hospital Both None Number (%) 715 (73.9) 172 (17.8) 26 (2.7) 55 (5.7) 968 Median age, years (IQR) 86 (85, 88) 86 (85, 87) 86 (86, 88) 87 (85, 88) 86 (85, 88) Male (%) 375 (52.4) 67 (39.0) 14 (53.8) 31 (56.4) 487 (50.3) Higher education (%) 322 (45.0) 80 (46.5) 10 (38.5) 24 (43.6) 436 (45.0) Drinks alcohol (%) 287 (40.1) 71 (41.3) 10 (38.5) 20 (36.4) 388 (40.1) Smokes (%) 24 (3.4) 6 (3.5) 1 (3.8) 6 (10.9) 37 (3.8) Independent IADL (%) 617 (86.3) 148 (86.0) 23 (88.5) 47 (85.5) 835 (86.3) Frailty (%)a Robust 112 (16.0) 19 (11.3) 5 (19.2) 5 (9.3) 141 (14.9) Prefrail 417 (59.7) 113 (67.3) 15 (57.7) 29 (53.7) 574 (60.6) Frail 170 (24.3) 36 (21.4) 6 (23.1) 20 (37.0) 232 (24.5) Mean number of chronic conditions (SD) 4.75 (1.81) 4.71 (1.71) 5.19 (1.70) 3.69 (1.40) 4.70 (1.78) Median FCI (IQR) 0.66 (0.52, 0.75) 0.54 (0.29, 0.70) 0.70 (0.65, 0.78) 0.00 (0.00, 0.80) 0.65 (0.48, 0.74) Mean RVF (SD) 2.39 (1.25) 1.72 (0.88) 3.08 (1.38) 0.00 (0.00) 2.15 (1.30) 0 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 55 (100.0) 55 (5.7) 1 193 (27.0) 88 (51.2) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 281 (29.0) 2 228 (31.9) 54 (31.4) 10 (38.5) 0 (0.0) 292 (30.2) ≥3 294 (41.1) 30 (17.4) 16 (61.5) 0 (0.0) 340 (35.1) Number of deaths (%) 105 (14.7) 32 (18.6) 6 (23.1) 15 (27.3) 158 (16.3) FCI = Fragmentation of Care Index. IADL = instrumental activity of daily living. IQR = interquartile range. MFVF = most frequently visited facility. RVF = regularly visited facilities. SD = standard deviation
aFrailty percentages are calculated based on the following denominators: Clinic (n = 699), Hospital (n = 168), Both (n = 54), and Total (n = 947) due to missing data on frailty.
- Table 2. Cross-tabulation of regularly visited facilities (RVF) and the number of chronic comorbid conditions identified in study participants
Chronic conditions 2–4 (n = 463) ≥5 (n = 505) RVF 0 38 17 1 175 106 2 133 159 ≥3 117 223 RVF = regularly visited facilities
- Table 3. Adjusted associations between regularly visited facilities (RVF) and all-cause mortality
Chronic conditions 2–4 (n = 463) ≥5 (n = 505) HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value RVF 0 1.97 (0.91 to 4.27) 0.085 2.68 (1.05 to 6.84) 0.039 1 Reference – Reference – 2 1.51 (0.86 to 2.64) 0.148 0.84 (0.46 to 1.55) 0.578 ≥3 0.43 (0.18 to 0.99) 0.048 0.92 (0.52 to 1.63) 0.774 Sex (male) 0.91 (0.56 to 1.47) 0.687 0.70 (0.45 to 1.08) 0.107 Age (per 1 year) 0.97 (0.82 to 1.16) 0.771 1.05 (0.90 to 1.22) 0.533 Frailty (yes) 0.98 (0.55 to 1.75) 0.950 2.20 (1.43 to 3.39) <0.001 FCI Q1 Reference – Reference – Q2 0.90 (0.49 to 1.65) 0.739 0.68 (0.35 to 1.33) 0.257 Q3 0.45 (0.21 to 0.96) 0.040 0.85 (0.45 to 1.62) 0.623 Q4 0.84 (0.43 to 1.66) 0.621 0.92 (0.50 to 1.69) 0.779 Sex (male) 0.92 (0.57 to 1.51) 0.750 0.77 (0.50 to 1.20) 0.245 Age (per 1 year) 1.00 (0.84 to 1.19) 1.000 1.06 (0.90 to 1.24) 0.488 Frailty (yes) 1.00 (0.56 to 1.78) 0.994 2.22 (1.43 to 3.45) <0.001 Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis results adjusted for sex, age, and frailty. Participants were stratified into two groups by the median number of comorbid chronic conditions. FCI = Fragmentation of Care Index. HR = hazard ratio. Q = quartile. RVF = regularly visited facilities
Supplementary Data
- TA_10.3399BJGPO.2024.0016_supp.pdf -
Supplementary material is not copyedited or typeset, and is published as supplied by the author(s). The author(s) retain(s) responsibility for its accuracy.
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