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Research

Telehealth-based diagnostic testing in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study

Rae-Anne Hardie, Gorkem Sezgin, Chisato Imai, Emma Gault, Precious McGuire, Muhammad Kashif Sheikh, Christopher Pearce, Tony Badrick and Andrew Georgiou
BJGP Open 2022; 6 (1): BJGPO.2021.0123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0123
Rae-Anne Hardie
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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  • ORCID record for Rae-Anne Hardie
  • For correspondence: rae-anne.hardie@mq.edu.au
Gorkem Sezgin
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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Chisato Imai
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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Emma Gault
2 Gippsland Primary Health Network, Traralgon, VIC, Australia
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Precious McGuire
3 Eastern Melbourne PHN, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
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Muhammad Kashif Sheikh
2 Gippsland Primary Health Network, Traralgon, VIC, Australia
4 West Gippsland Healthcare Group, Warragul, VIC, Australia
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Christopher Pearce
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
5 Outcome Health, Blackburn, VIC, Australia
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Tony Badrick
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
6 Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Andrew Georgiou
1 Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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Article Figures & Data

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    Figure 1. Estimated proportion (and 95% confidence intervals) of GP consultations with blood tests from January 2019–December 2020. Grey bars indicate the number of weekly new COVID-19 cases for Victorian (light grey) and New South Wales (dark grey) PHNs, Australia.
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    Figure 2. Estimated proportion (and 95% confidence intervals) of face-to-face (black) and telehealth (grey) GP consultations with blood tests from January 2019–December 2020. Dashed vertical line indicates the time at which new telehealth Medicare Benefits Schedule items were first introduced.

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    Table 1. Odds ratios of a consultation having a follow-up consultation with a blood test within 7 days, by consultation type. The initial consultation may either be a face-to-face consultation with or without a blood test, or a telehealth consultation with or without a blood test. The follow-up consultation was reported separately by consultation type: either any kind of consultation or face-to-face consultation, with blood tests. Odds ratios in reference to face-to-face consultations without blood tests
    Follow-upAny consultation typeFace-to-face consultation
    InitialCrude OR(95% CI)Adj OR (95% CI)Crude OR (95% CI)Adj OR (95% CI)
    Face to faceNo blood testReference
    Blood test3.42(3.40 to 3.45)3.00 (2.98 to 3.03)3.28 (3.25 to 3.30)2.86 (2.84 to 2.89)
    TelehealthNo blood test1.82 (1.81 to 1.84)1.71 (1.69 to 1.73)1.35 (1.34 to 1.37)1.31 (1.30 to 1.33)
    Blood test3.62 (3.53 to 3.71)3.13 (3.06 to 3.21)1.30 (1.25 to 1.36)1.18 (1.13 to 1.22)
    • Adj OR = adjusted odds ratio (controlled for age, sex, Primary Health Network [PHN], and week of the year). OR = odds ratio. P values are statistically significant (<0.001), unless otherwise specified.

Supplementary Data

  • BJGPO.2021.0123_Supp.pdf -

    Supplementary material is not copyedited or typeset, and is published as supplied by the author(s). The author(s) retain(s) responsibility for its accuracy.

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Telehealth-based diagnostic testing in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
Rae-Anne Hardie, Gorkem Sezgin, Chisato Imai, Emma Gault, Precious McGuire, Muhammad Kashif Sheikh, Christopher Pearce, Tony Badrick, Andrew Georgiou
BJGP Open 2022; 6 (1): BJGPO.2021.0123. DOI: 10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0123

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Telehealth-based diagnostic testing in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
Rae-Anne Hardie, Gorkem Sezgin, Chisato Imai, Emma Gault, Precious McGuire, Muhammad Kashif Sheikh, Christopher Pearce, Tony Badrick, Andrew Georgiou
BJGP Open 2022; 6 (1): BJGPO.2021.0123. DOI: 10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0123
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Keywords

  • general practice
  • COVID-19
  • Telemedicine
  • laboratory testing
  • pathology testing
  • diagnosis

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