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Research

Inequalities in the distribution of the general practice workforce in England: a practice-level longitudinal analysis

Claire Nussbaum, Efthalia Massou, Rebecca Fisher, Marcello Morciano, Rachel Harmer and John Ford
BJGP Open 2021; 5 (5): BJGPO.2021.0066. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0066
Claire Nussbaum
1 MPhil Candidate, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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  • ORCID record for Claire Nussbaum
  • For correspondence: cnussbaum15@gmail.com
Efthalia Massou
2 Research Associate, Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Rebecca Fisher
3 Senior Policy Fellow, GP, The Health Foundation, London, UK
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Marcello Morciano
4 Senior Lecturer, Associate Professor in Health Policy and Economics, Health Organisation, Policy and Economics Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Rachel Harmer
5 Primary Care Network Co-Clinical Director, GP, East Barnwell Health Centre, Cambridge, UK
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John Ford
6 Clinical Lecturer in Public Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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    Figure 1. Practice and PCN-level slope indices of inequality (SIIs) over time for GPs. PCN = primary care network
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    Figure 2. Practice and PCN-level slope indices of inequality (SIIs) over time for nurses. PCN = primary care network
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    Figure 3. Practice-level slope indices of inequality (SIIs) over time for total direct patient care (DPC) staff
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    Figure 4. Practice-level slope indices of inequality (SIIs) over time for pharmacists and physician associates (PAs)
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    Figure 5. Practice-level slope indices of inequality (SIIs) over time for paramedics

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    Table 1. Summary of practice-level results for December 2020
    Adjusted practice-level SII (95% CI)Difference between the most and least deprived deciles (per 10 000 patients)
    FTEHours/week
    GPs–1.41a (–1.62 to –1.20)–1.41–56.4
    Total direct patient care staff–1.47a (–1.67 to –1.27)–1.47–58.8
    Nurses0.0015 (–0.15 to 0.15)0.00150.6
    Pharmacists0.098a (0.057 to 0.14)0.0983.9
    Physician associates0.067a (0.040 to 0.094)0.0672.7
    Paramedics–0.077a (–0.11 to –0.048)–0.077–3.1
    • a P<0.001. FTE = full-time equivalent. SII = slope index of inequality.

Supplementary Data

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    Supplementary material is not copyedited or typeset, and is published as supplied by the author(s). The author(s) retain(s) responsibility for its accuracy.

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Inequalities in the distribution of the general practice workforce in England: a practice-level longitudinal analysis
Claire Nussbaum, Efthalia Massou, Rebecca Fisher, Marcello Morciano, Rachel Harmer, John Ford
BJGP Open 2021; 5 (5): BJGPO.2021.0066. DOI: 10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0066

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Inequalities in the distribution of the general practice workforce in England: a practice-level longitudinal analysis
Claire Nussbaum, Efthalia Massou, Rebecca Fisher, Marcello Morciano, Rachel Harmer, John Ford
BJGP Open 2021; 5 (5): BJGPO.2021.0066. DOI: 10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0066
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Keywords

  • General Practice
  • health personnel
  • Socioeconomic factors
  • health services accessibility
  • social determinants of health

More in this TOC Section

  • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and treatment intensity in secondary prevention of patients with ischaemic heart disease in the primary care setting: a real-world data registry study
  • General practitioner characteristics and video use in out-of-hours primary care: a register-based study
  • The impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on primary care contact among vulnerable populations in England: a controlled interrupted time series study
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