Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1. Receiver operating curves derived from the external validation cohort (n = 1 030 183) for models of identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice (FAMCAT discrimination compared with recommended diagnostic criteria). Higher area under the curve (c-statistic) confers better discrimination
- Figure 2. FAMCAT model calibration of observed versus predicted cases of familial hypercholesterolaemia in the external validation cohort by deciles of predicted probability
- Figure 3. Calibration of observed versus predicted cases of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) in the external validation cohort by deciles of predicted probability using the optimised FAMCAT model
Tables
Men Women Characteristics Total sample size, n (%) 493 400 (47.9) 536 783 (52.1) Diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) 649 (0.13) 1058 (0.2) Baseline age, years (SD) 56 (15.3) 57 (16.7) History of coronary heart disease <60 years, n (%) 15 232 (3.1) 8203 (1.5) Ethnic group, n (%) White 319 439 (64.7) 358 612 (66.8) Asian 26 916 (5.5) 27 749 (5.2) Black 14 181 (2.9) 17 484 (3.3) Mixed 3662 (0.7) 4465 (0.8) Other 4151 (0.8) 4254 (0.8) Unknown 125 051 (25.3) 124 219 (23.1) Lipid profile, mmol/l (SD) Highest TC recorded 5.6 (1.2) 5.8 (1.3) High LDL cholesterol recorded 3.4 (1.0) 3.5 (1.1) Triglycerides during cholesterol measurement 1.6 (1.0) 1.4 (0.8) Lipid-lowering drug usage at time of cholesterol measurement, n (%) Prescribed fibrate, bile acid sequestrant, nicotinic acid 1158 (0.2) 1491 (0.3) Prescribed low-potency statin 6174 (1.3) 5521 (1.0) Prescribed medium-potency statin 45 510 (9.2) 38 948 (7.3) Prescribed high-potency statin 21 860 (4.4) 17 183 (3.2) Family history, n (%) Family history of FH 1136 (0.2) 1851 (0.3) Family history of raised cholesterol 6698 (1.4) 10 144 (1.9) Family history of myocardial infarction 28 213 (5.7) 36 175 (6.7) Secondary causes of high cholesterol at time of cholesterol measurement, n (%) Diagnosed with diabetes 84 490 (17.1) 68 978 (12.9) Diagnosed with chronic kidney disease 53 866 (10.9) 71 332 (13.3) Asian includes Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Chinese, and other Asians. Values are numbers and proportions unless stated otherwise
- FH
- familial hypercholesterolaemia
- LDL
- low-density lipoprotein
- SD
- standard deviation
- TC
- total cholesterol
- Table 2. Model discrimination in the external validation cohort for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice (n = 1 030 183)
Models AUC(c-statistic) Standard errora 95% CI FAMCAT 0.844 0.005 0.834 to 0.854 Simon Broome criteriab 0.730 0.006 0.719 to 0.741 Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteriac 0.766 0.006 0.755 to 0.778 Cholesterol >99th centiled 0.579 0.005 0.571 to 0.588 aJack-knife procedure to estimate standard errors.20bTotal cholesterol >7.5 mmol/l or LDL-cholesterol >4.9 mmol/l+ family history of premature myocardial infarction.2cScore based on LDL-cholesterol, family history, clinical history, and physical examination.9dThe UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommendation of screening for FH for cholesterol >99th centile. That is, total cholesterol >9.0 mmol/l or LDL-cholesterol >6.6 mmol/l if aged >30 years; total cholesterol >7.5 mmol/l or LDL-cholesterol >4.9 mmol/l if aged ≤30 years.2
Supplementary Data
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
- bjgpopen20X101114_Supp.pdf -
Supplementary material is not copyedited or typeset, and is published as supplied by the author(s). The author(s) retain(s) responsibility for its accuracy.
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