Should azithromycin be used to treat COVID-19? A rapid review

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Figure 1. Flowchart showing the process for identification of studies suitable for inclusion

Table 1. Summary of characteristics of identified in vivo study

Authors (Year)	Country	Setting	Sample size (treatment/control)	Mean age (SD)	Inclusion criteria	Treatment	Primaryoutcome	Findings
Gautret et al (2020)	France	Hospitals in Marseille, Nice, Avignon and Briançon	6 – AZT and HCQ14 – HCQ alone16 – control	Treatment groups: 51.2 (18.7)Control: 37.3 (24.0)	SARS-CoV-2 carriage in nasopharyngeal sample Age>12 years (treatment groups only)	Six patients received 500 mg AZT on Day 1 then 250 mg daily for four days and200 mg HCQ three times a day for 10 days.14 patients received 200 mg HCQ three times a day for 10 days.	Outcome of a nasopharyngeal swab on Day 6	Virological cure:AZT and HCQ – 100%HCQ alone – 57.1%Controls – 12.5% p<0.001

Table 2. Risk of bias assessment for the included in vivo study

Bias	Rapid review authors’ judgment	Reason for judgment
Random sequence generation	High risk	Non-randomised trial
Allocation concealment	High risk	Open-label
Blinding	High risk	Open-label
Incomplete outcome data	High risk	Intention-to-treat analysis not performed
Selective reporting	Unclear risk	No adverse event data reported, although the authors state that this will be reported separately at the end of the trial
Other bias	High risk	Under-powered according to the authors’ own power calculation

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