Skip to main content

Main menu

  • HOME
  • LATEST ARTICLES
  • ALL ISSUES
  • AUTHORS & REVIEWERS
  • RESOURCES
    • About BJGP Open
    • BJGP Open Accessibility Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Fellowships
    • Audio Abstracts
    • eLetters
    • Alerts
    • BJGP Life
    • Research into Publication Science
    • Advertising
    • Contact
  • SPECIAL ISSUES
    • Social Care Integration with Primary Care: call for articles
    • Special issue: Telehealth
    • Special issue: Race and Racism in Primary Care
    • Special issue: COVID-19 and Primary Care
    • Past research calls
    • Top 10 Research Articles of the Year
  • BJGP CONFERENCE →
  • RCGP
    • British Journal of General Practice
    • BJGP for RCGP members
    • RCGP eLearning
    • InnovAIT Journal
    • Jobs and careers

User menu

  • Alerts

Search

  • Advanced search
Intended for Healthcare Professionals
BJGP Open
  • RCGP
    • British Journal of General Practice
    • BJGP for RCGP members
    • RCGP eLearning
    • InnovAIT Journal
    • Jobs and careers
  • Subscriptions
  • Alerts
  • Log in
  • Follow BJGP Open on Instagram
  • Visit bjgp open on Bluesky
  • Blog
Intended for Healthcare Professionals
BJGP Open

Advanced Search

  • HOME
  • LATEST ARTICLES
  • ALL ISSUES
  • AUTHORS & REVIEWERS
  • RESOURCES
    • About BJGP Open
    • BJGP Open Accessibility Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Fellowships
    • Audio Abstracts
    • eLetters
    • Alerts
    • BJGP Life
    • Research into Publication Science
    • Advertising
    • Contact
  • SPECIAL ISSUES
    • Social Care Integration with Primary Care: call for articles
    • Special issue: Telehealth
    • Special issue: Race and Racism in Primary Care
    • Special issue: COVID-19 and Primary Care
    • Past research calls
    • Top 10 Research Articles of the Year
  • BJGP CONFERENCE →
Research

The effect of ‘paying for performance’ on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional observational study

Raymond O'Connor, Rory O'Driscoll, Jane O'Doherty, Ailish Hannigan, Aoife O'Neill, Conor Teljeur and Andrew O'Regan
BJGP Open 2020; 4 (2): bjgpopen20X101021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101021
Raymond O'Connor
1 Senior Research Fellow, Department of General Practice, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Plassey, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
MB, FRCGP, MICGP, MSc
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: Raymond.oconnor{at}ul.ie
Rory O'Driscoll
2 GP, Kenmare Primary Health Centre, Kenmare, Kerry, Republic of Ireland
MB, MRCGP, MICGP
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jane O'Doherty
3 Research Assistant, Department of General Practice, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Plassey, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
BA, MSc
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ailish Hannigan
4 Professor of Medical Statistics, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Plassey, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
BSc, PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Aoife O'Neill
5 PhD Candidate, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Plassey, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
BSc
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Conor Teljeur
6 Chief Scientist, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
MSc, PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Andrew O'Regan
7 Senior Lecturer, Department of General Practice, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Plassey, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
MB, MICGP
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info
  • eLetters
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Tables
  • PRISMA diagram of participant inclusion.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Figure 1. PRISMA diagram of participant inclusion.
  • Comparison of percentage of patients achieving treatment targets in 2017 cycle-of-care sample compared with the UK National Diabetes Audit (2015–2016). BP = blood pressure. HbA1c = glycosylated haemoglobin. TC = total cholesterol.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Figure 2. Comparison of percentage of patients achieving treatment targets in 2017 cycle-of-care sample compared with the UK National Diabetes Audit (2015–2016). BP = blood pressure. HbA1c = glycosylated haemoglobin. TC = total cholesterol.

Tables

  • Figures
    • View popup
    Table 1. Comparison of care processes over time (2014–2017) to UK National Diabetes Audit 2015–2016
    Care processesPre-COC (2014),
    n= 3146, n (%)
    COC (2017),n= 3146, n (%)UK National
    Diabetes Audit
    (2015–2016),
    n= 2 500 698, n (%)
    HbA1c 53 98 95
    Total cholesterol 5999 93
    Creatinine 980 9 5
    ACR 10 42 67
    BP 61 98 9 6
    BMI 40 97 82
    Attending or referred to retinopathy screeningNR76 NR
    Foot reviewNR6 5 87
    Influenza immunisation offeredNR 70 NR
    • ACR = urinary albumin:creatinine ratio. BMI = body mass index. BP = blood pressure. COC = cycle of care. HbA1c = glycosylated haemoglobin. NR = not recorded.

    • View popup
    Table 2. Comparison of values of HbA1c, TC, and BP for patients with data recorded for 2014 and 2017
    Parameter and target rangeTotal sample size, n a 2014, % within target range2017, % within target range P value b
    HbA1c ≤58 mmol/mol 1665 76 72 < 0.001
    TC <5 mmol/litre 1851 76 83 <0.001
    BP ≤140/80 mmHg 1904 42 55 <0.001
    • aPatients with data measured in 2014 and 2017. bFrom McNemar’s test for paired nominal data.

Supplementary Data

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL

  • bjgpopen20X101021_Supp.pdf -

    Supplementary material is not copyedited or typeset, and is published as supplied by the author(s). The author(s) retain(s) responsibility for its accuracy.

Back to top
Previous ArticleNext Article

In this issue

BJGP Open
Vol. 4, Issue 2
June 2020
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
Download PDF
Download PowerPoint
Email Article

Thank you for recommending BJGP Open.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person to whom you are recommending the page knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
The effect of ‘paying for performance’ on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional observational study
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from BJGP Open
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from BJGP Open.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
The effect of ‘paying for performance’ on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional observational study
Raymond O'Connor, Rory O'Driscoll, Jane O'Doherty, Ailish Hannigan, Aoife O'Neill, Conor Teljeur, Andrew O'Regan
BJGP Open 2020; 4 (2): bjgpopen20X101021. DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101021

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
The effect of ‘paying for performance’ on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional observational study
Raymond O'Connor, Rory O'Driscoll, Jane O'Doherty, Ailish Hannigan, Aoife O'Neill, Conor Teljeur, Andrew O'Regan
BJGP Open 2020; 4 (2): bjgpopen20X101021. DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101021
del.icio.us logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo Bluesky logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • LinkedIn logo LinkedIn
  • Mendeley logo Mendeley
  • Bluesky logo Bluesky

Jump to section

  • Top
  • Article
    • Abstract
    • How this fits in
    • Introduction
    • Method
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Notes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info
  • eLetters
  • PDF

Keywords

  • pay for performance
  • diabetes mellitus
  • Quality Improvement
  • reimbursement, incentive
  • general practice
  • primary healthcare

More in this TOC Section

  • The national early warning score during unscheduled home visits: retrospective cohort study
  • Domestic abuse survivors accessing support during perimenopause: a qualitative study with women
  • Cultural models within general practice training: a scoping review
Show more Research

Related Articles

Cited By...

Intended for Healthcare Professionals

 
 

British Journal of General Practice

NAVIGATE

  • Home
  • Latest articles
  • Authors & reviewers
  • Accessibility statement

RCGP

  • British Journal of General Practice
  • BJGP for RCGP members
  • RCGP eLearning
  • InnovAiT Journal
  • Jobs and careers

MY ACCOUNT

  • RCGP members' login
  • Terms and conditions

NEWS AND UPDATES

  • About BJGP Open
  • Alerts
  • RSS feeds
  • Facebook
  • Twitter

AUTHORS & REVIEWERS

  • Submit an article
  • Writing for BJGP Open: research
  • Writing for BJGP Open: practice & policy
  • BJGP Open editorial process & policies
  • BJGP Open ethical guidelines
  • Peer review for BJGP Open

CUSTOMER SERVICES

  • Advertising
  • Open access licence

CONTRIBUTE

  • BJGP Life
  • eLetters
  • Feedback

CONTACT US

BJGP Open Journal Office
RCGP
30 Euston Square
London NW1 2FB
Tel: +44 (0)20 3188 7400
Email: bjgpopen@rcgp.org.uk

BJGP Open is an editorially-independent publication of the Royal College of General Practitioners

© 2026 BJGP Open

Online ISSN: 2398-3795