Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1. Presenting symptoms and their severity
- Figure 2. Box plot of calprotectin levels (natural logarithm transformed) for cases (split by group A rapid streptococcus test status) and controls
- Figure 3. Box plot of calprotectin levels (natural logarithm transformed) by FeverPAIN total score
- Figure 4. Box plot of calprotectin levels (natural logarithm transformed) by Centor score
Tables
Participants Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria Patients Previously healthy adults (aged ≥18 years)
Acute illness (duration ≤7 days)
Presenting with sore throat as the main symptom and have a FeverPAIN score ≥2
Patients not consenting
Inability to obtain throat swabs
Treating clinician believes that the most likely cause of the sore throat is something other than a bacterial or viral infection (that is, thrush, trauma, referred pain, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease)
Patients who are known or thought to have significant immune compromise (such as those with leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, AIDS, asplenia, congenital immunodeficiency, undergoing chemotherapy, or recent corticosteroid therapy).
Patients on immunosuppressive therapy (including oral and inhaled steroids)
Active haematological malignancy
Undergoing treatment for cancer or has a life-limiting illness (for example, end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD])
Currently pregnant
Have been on antibiotics for this illness
Healthy volunteers 1. Healthy adults (aged ≥18 years) who have had no sore throat symptoms for >4 days Patients not consenting
Patients currently taking antibiotics
Inability to obtain throat swabs
Active haematological malignancy (undergoing treatment for cancer or has a life-limiting illness [for example, end-stage COPD)])
Currently pregnant
Cases (n = 30) Controls (n = 10) n % n % Male 4 13.3 5 50.0 Female 26 86.7 5 50.0 Mean SD Min–max Mean SD Min–max Age, years 32.3 11.74 17–64 46.8 10.10 29–61 Min–max = minimum to maximum.
Cases (n = 30) Median Lower to upper quartile Minimum to maximum Duration of current illness, days 3 2–3 1–21 Duration of sore throat, days 3 2–4 1–7 FeverPAIN total score 3 3–4 2–5 Symptom severity a Sore throat 5 4–6 1–6 Coryza 0 0–0 0–6 Cough 0 0–0 0–5 Fever 2 1–4 0–6 Headache 3 0–4 0–6 Muscle ache 3 0–4 0–6 Temperature, ºC b 37.3 0.70 35.8–39.5 Centor score 3 2–3 1–4 n % FeverPAIN total score 2 5 16.7 3 13 43.3 4 8 26.7 5 4 13.3 Pharyngeal or tonsillar inflammation None 2 6.7 Mild 4 13.3 Moderate 12 40.0 Severe 12 40.0 Pharyngeal or tonsillar exudate or pus None 16 53.3 Mild 4 13.3 Moderate 5 16.7 Severe 5 16.7 Enlargement of anterior cervical nodes None 5 16.7 Mild 7 23.3 Moderate 15 50.0 Severe 3 10.0 Tenderness of anterior cervical nodes None 7 23.3 Mild 3 10.0 Moderate 10 33.3 Severe 10 33.3 Diabetes 4 13.3 Obesity (BMI >30) 5 16.7 Chronic liver disease 0 0.0 BMI = body mass index.
aSeverity ratings: 1 = normal or not affected; 2 = very little problem; 3 = slight problem; 4 = moderately bad; 5 = bad; 6 = very bad; 7 = as bad as it could be. bValues are mean and standard deviation.
Untransformed Natural logarithm transformed Cases( n = 30) Controls( n = 10) Cases(n = 30) Controls( n = 10) Mean (ng/ml) 41816.71 5591.51 9.80 7.84 Standard deviation 51559.60 7877.32 1.40 1.53 Median 17045.80 2849.28 9.74 7.91 Lower to upper quartile 5983.85 to75835.50 1561.00 to6414.45 8.70 to11.24 7.35 to8.77 Minimum to maximum 2057.60 to178115.50 79.95 to26720.00 7.63 to12.09 4.38 to10.19
In this issue
Jump to section
Keywords
More in this TOC Section
Related Articles
Cited By...
