Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioural disorder with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention.1 It is estimated that the prevalence of ADHD worldwide is 5.29% in children and adolescents, and it is more common in males.2 ADHD is known as Hyperkinetic Disorder by the World Health Organization (WHO), and over a person’s lifetime, the symptoms and impact of the condition may vary considerably.2
Guidelines state symptoms must meet either International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria; cause moderate to severe functional impairment; and occur in more than one setting.1–4 Assessment for ADHD includes a thorough clinical examination, and a full developmental and psychosocial history, alongside information gathering from the family and school.1 ADHD must be diagnosed by a paediatrician, psychiatrist, or ADHD specialist.
Early diagnosis and intervention improves educational outcomes for children and is important for their social …