Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1. Breakdown of NICE-approved requests and positive serology by indication
- Figure 2. Correlation between percentage of practice population tested and percentage of requests returning positive serology
Tables
Offer testing to children and adults with any of the following signs and symptoms or conditions: Consider offering testing to children or adults with any of the following: Chronic or intermittent diarrhoea Addison's disease Failure to thrive or faltering growth (in children) Amenorrhoea Persistent and unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea or vomiting Aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) Prolonged fatigue Autoimmune liver conditions Recurrent abdominal pain, cramping, or distension Autoimmune myocarditis Sudden or unexpected weight loss Chronic thrombocytopenia purpura Unexplained iron deficiency anaemia or other unspecified anaemia Dental enamel defects Autoimmune thyroid disease Depression or bipolar disorder Dermatitis herpetiformis Down syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome Epilepsy Type 1 diabetes Low trauma fracture First-degree relatives with coeliac disease Lymphoma Metabolic bone disease (such as rickets or osteomalacia) Microscopic colitis Persistent or unexplained constipation Persistently raised liver enzymes with unknown cause Polyneuropathy Recurrent miscarriage Reduced bone mineral density Sarcoidosis Sjögren's syndrome Turner's syndrome Unexplained alopecia Unexplained subfertility NICE-approved indications Non-NICE approved indications Tired all the time and/or lethargy ?Cancer, pancreas Abdominal pain Prostate symptoms Nausea and/or vomiting Vertigo and/or balance problems Reflux Fibromyalgia Bloating Gender reassignment Diarrhoea Gout Iron deficiency Hair loss Anaemia Headache and/or migraine Family history Hypertension Osteoporosis Itchy and/or rash Vitamin D deficiency Ischaemic heart disease Osteomalacia Mental health problem (for example, schizophrenia/depression/insomnia/mania/low mood/neurosis) Bone pain Breast cancer Low impact fractures Metastatic cancer Amenorrhoea Non-specifically ill and/or unwell Irregular periods Inflammation (Sub) fertility Cognitive impairment Thyroid disease Electrolyte disturbance Type I diabetes mellitus Haematuria Primary biliary cirrhosis/primary sclerosing cholangitis On methotrexate Autoimmune skin disease Multiple problems Neuralgia On nitrofurantoin Overdose Obese On lithium On steroids Deep vein thrombosis Pale Dyspareunia Palpitations Panic attacks Pelvic pain Vasovagal Pneumonia Reduced libido ?Pregnant Poor veins Bariatric surgery Reassurance Tonsillitis Urinary tract infection Pulmonary embolism Post-myocardial infarction Sore throat Sinusitis Recurrent infections Sore mouth Vaginal discharge Black toe Dementia Erectile dysfunction On statins Shortness of breath ? = suspicion but not certainty.
- Table 1. Percentage of population tested, percentage of requests that were 'NICE-approved', and percentage of requests that were positive over the course of the study period, by individual (anonymised) GP practice
GP % Centre population tested % NA requests % Postive GP % Centre population tested % NA requests % Positive GP % Centre population tested % NA requests % Positive 1 2.25 73.21 1.79 15 3.07 83.33 2.82 29 3.13 88.52 1.66 2 7.61 74.71 0.00 16 3.12 82.47 1.10 30 0.78 62.50 0.00 3 2.57 67.80 2.94 17 0.14 88.10 0.00 31 1.88 72.07 0.00 4 4.04 74.80 0.32 18 0.78 75.14 0.00 32 2.16 87.50 1.03 5 1.83 60.63 0.00 19 8.57 75.00 0.13 33 4.28 63.32 0.84 6 2.52 79.90 1.57 20 1.46 62.50 0.96 34 1.57 69.47 0.00 7 3.95 79.46 1.01 21 1.64 85.71 1.69 35 6.68 78.13 1.53 8 0.04 47.12 0.00 22 1.32 71.52 2.38 36 6.92 85.87 1.75 9 3.18 80.95 0.00 23 0.12 87.89 0.00 37 1.04 84.62 4.17 10 2.05 89.71 0.00 24 2.42 91.67 0.27 38 3.43 84.93 1.44 11 4.18 75.79 1.59 25 3.68 60.16 1.03 12 9.39 71.46 1.74 26 3.63 81.41 1.33 13 3.90 78.43 1.16 27 3.15 74.09 0.29 14 2.09 59.38 1.52 28 3.40 75.94 1.00 NA = NICE-approved
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Determining whether coeliac disease case-finding in primary care is better than random testing: a retrospective study
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