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Research

Influenza vaccination in pregnancy: vaccine uptake, maternal and healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes. A quantitative study

Tina Barrett, Edel McEntee, Richard Drew, Fiona O’Reilly, Austin O’Carroll, Aisling O’Shea and Brian Cleary
BJGP Open 2018; 2 (3): bjgpopen18X101599. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen18X101599
Tina Barrett
1 Medical Student, Medicine Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, , Ireland
2 Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Rotunda Hospital, , Ireland
BSc Pharm, M Pharm
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  • For correspondence: tinamaritabarrett@rcsi.com
Edel McEntee
3 GP Graduate, General Practice, North Dublin City GP Training Programme, , Ireland
MPH, MICGP
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Richard Drew
4 Consultant Microbiologist, Microbiology Department, Rotunda Hospital, , Ireland
MD, FRCPath, FRCPI, DipHIC
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Fiona O’Reilly
5 Programme Director, GP Training Scheme, North Dublin City GP Training Programme, , Ireland
PhD
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Austin O’Carroll
6 Head of the NDCGP Training Scheme, North Dublin City GP Training Programme, , Ireland
MICGP
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Aisling O’Shea
7 GP Graduate, GP Training Scheme, North Dublin City GP Training Programme, , Ireland
BSc Hons, MSK Dip, DOWH, MICGP
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Brian Cleary
8 Chief Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Rotunda Hospital, , Ireland
BSc Pharm, MSc, PhD
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Article Figures & Data

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    Figure 1. Reasons for receiving the influenza vaccine.
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    Figure 2. Reasons for not receiving the influenza vaccine

Tables

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    Table 1 Maternal sociodemographics among vaccinated and unvaccinated women (N = 198)
    Total responses, nVaccinated, n (%)
    (n = 109; 55.1%)
    Unvaccinated, n (%)
    (n = 89; 44.9%)
    OR95% CI
    Mean age at delivery (SD) 19034 (4.9)33.2 (5.8)
    Age at delivery 190
    <20 years1 (1.0)2 (2.4)0.560.04 to 7.2
    20–24 years6 (5.7)5 (5.9)1.30.3 to 5.9
    25–29 years9 (8.6)10 (11.8)1–
    30–34 years30 (28.6)31 (36.5)1.080.38 to 3.0
    35–39 years49 (46.7)25 (29.4)2.170.78 to 6.0
    ≥40 years10 (9.5)12 (14.1)0.90.27 to 3.17
    Maternal socioeconomic group 184
    Professional, manager, employer57 (55.9)25 (30.5)1–
    Home duties8 (7.8)11 (13.4)0.320.11 to 0.89
    Non-manual28 (27.5)36 (43.9)0.340.17 to 0.67
    Manual2 (2.0)3 (3.7)0.290.05 to 1.86
    Unemployed3 (2.9)5 (6.1)0.260.06 to 1.19
    Non-classifiable4 (3.9)2 (2.4)0.870.15 to 5.1
    Nationality 198
    Non-Irish18 (16.%)21 (23.6)1–
    Irish91 (83.4)68 (76.4)1.560.77 to 3.15
    Marital status 198
    Not married31 (28.4)34 (38.2)1–
    Married78 (71.6)55 (61.8)1.550.86 to 2.82
    Nulliparous 198
    No64 (58.7)62 (69.7)1–
    Yes45 (41.3)27 (30.3)1.60.89 to 2.92 -
    Obstetric care 198
    Private or semi-private65 (59.6)34 (38.2)1–
    Public44(40.4)55 (61.8)0.420.24 to 0.74
    Smoking status 197
    Non-smoker101 (92.7)73 (83.0)1–
    Smoker8 (7.3)15 (17.0)0.380.15 to 0.94
    Comorbiditya 193
    No84 (77.1)72 (85.7)1–
    Yes25 (22.9)12 (14.3)1.790.84 to 3.8
    Level of completed education 193
    University degree69 (64.5)42 (48.8)1–
    Non-university higher-level course17 (15.9)23 (26.7)0.450.22 to 0.94
    School completion exam or equivalent17 (15.9)14 (16.3)0.740.33 to 1.65
    Mid-school exam or equivalent4 (3.7)7 (8.1)0.350.09 to 1.26
    Vaccinated in previous pregnancy 125
    No23 (35.4)48 (80.0)1–
    Yes42 (64.6)12 (20.0)73.24 to 16.44
    Received information on vaccine this pregnancy 194
    No5 (4.6)42 (48.8)1–
    Yes103 (95.4)44 (51.2)19.67.29 to 53.0
    Healthcare provider advised vaccination 194
    No10 (9.3)40 (46.0)1–
    Yes97 (90.7)47 (54.0)8.253.8 to 17.93
    Healthcare provider offered vaccination 193
    No18 (17.0)56 (64.4)1–
    Yes88 (83.0)31 (35.6)8.834.5 to 17.23
    • aComorbidity for which influenza vaccination is indicated, for example chronic heart disease, chronic liver disease, chronic renal failure, chronic respiratory disease, chronic neurological disease, diabetes mellitus, Down syndrome, haemoglobinopathies, morbid obesity, immunosuppression due to to disease or treatment, children aged ≥6 months with any condition that can affect lung function, or on long-term aspirin therapy (because of the risk of Reyes syndrome). 18

    • CI = confidence interval. OR = odds ratio.

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    Table 2. Multivariate analysis of vaccination status among postnatal women (N = 198)
    Total responses, naORa95% CI
    Socioeconomic status 190
    Professional, manager, or employer1–
    Not-professional, manager, or employer0.290.01 to 0.89
    Education level 195
    University3.691.04 to 13.09
    Non-university1–
    Vaccinated in previous pregnancy 125
    Yes5.261.69 to 15.62
    No1–
    Vaccination information received 194
    Yes12.82.65 to 62.5
    No1–
    Healthcare worker offered vaccination 193
    Yes2.740.89 to 8.4
    No1–
    • aOdds ratios adjusted for socioeconomic status, education level, vaccinated in previous pregnancy, whether vaccination information was received, and whether the healthcare worker offered vaccination.

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Influenza vaccination in pregnancy: vaccine uptake, maternal and healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes. A quantitative study
Tina Barrett, Edel McEntee, Richard Drew, Fiona O’Reilly, Austin O’Carroll, Aisling O’Shea, Brian Cleary
BJGP Open 2018; 2 (3): bjgpopen18X101599. DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen18X101599

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Influenza vaccination in pregnancy: vaccine uptake, maternal and healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes. A quantitative study
Tina Barrett, Edel McEntee, Richard Drew, Fiona O’Reilly, Austin O’Carroll, Aisling O’Shea, Brian Cleary
BJGP Open 2018; 2 (3): bjgpopen18X101599. DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen18X101599
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Keywords

  • influenza vaccine
  • infectious pregnancy complications
  • inactivated vaccines

More in this TOC Section

  • Podcasting in primary care: attitudes of Scottish GP specialty trainees and trainers towards podcast-based education in primary care
  • Patient perceptions of relational continuity in England: insights from two cross-sectional surveys
  • COVID-19 and patient-reported experience of general practice in England
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